Treatment with Norrin Helped Maintain Healthy Blood Vessels, Preserved Vision in Diabetic Rats
Targeting cellular pathways controlled by norrin can be used as a therapeutic strategy to prevent vision loss in patients with diabetes. Over 100 million people in the U.S. are affected by diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. The condition is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the ...
A Metabolic “Switch” that Could Help Reset Scar-Producing Cells in Scleroderma
Blocking the enzyme NNMT points toward a new approach to treating fibrosis. Researchers at University of Michigan Health and collaborating institutions have identified a metabolic enzyme that may offer a fundamentally new way to attack one of the most difficult-to-treat features of systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma: progressive and potentially life threatening tissue scarring. Despite decades ...
New Flu Vaccine Protects Mice Against Multiple Strains
Studies in mice suggest a new vaccine, made using baker’s yeast, could work with fewer booster shots and without predicting the dominant flu strains each season. A new, nanoparticle vaccine could one day grant patients immunity to the flu with fewer trips to the doctor and without health officials correctly guessing which flu strains will ...
Engineered Nanoparticles Sensitize Gliomas to Radiotherapy
Targeting autophagy, the body’s natural cell recycling system, can cure gliomas in mouse models. Gliomas are a major cause of cancer-related deaths in younger adults. About 7,000 patients harbor a common genetic mutation that affects the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 1. This mutated enzyme, called mIDH1, can produce a molecule that can reprogram both the tumor ...
Why Tendons Heal So Poorly and How Researchers Hope to Fix Them
Tiny “microtendons” help researchers study how tendon disease develops. About 30% of adults over age 60 have a rotator cuff tear, making it one of the most common tendon injuries in older adults. But unlike broken bones, tendons rarely heal completely. Add Achilles tendinopathy, tennis elbow, and other tendon injuries, and millions of Americans will ...
New Oral Nanomedicine Boosts Effectiveness of Cancer Immunotherapies
Microbial metabolite 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, derived from dietary fiber, improves acid influences anti-tumor immunity in mice. Immune checkpoint blockade is a form of cancer treatment that works by releasing the natural brakes in the immune system, allowing T cells to find and destroy cancer cells. Although they have transformed cancer immunotherapy, patients usually have low response ...
Study Reveals the Dual Role of a Protein Critical for Healing Nerve Damage
A recent University of Michigan study in mice shows that Sarm1 appears to be essential for regeneration. Nerve damage can be an unfortunate side effect from an accident, illness, or even certain treatments, like chemotherapy. Fortunately, the peripheral nervous system can heal itself to a certain extent, albeit very slowly. Researchers are still trying to ...
Researchers Identify Cellular Pathways that Drive Precancerous Lesions to Form Pancreatic Tumors
Decreased NADPH production, which powers cellular processes, results in cancer progression. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common type of pancreatic cancer and has a low five-year survival rate. It begins with a reversible state called acinar-to-ductal metaplasia, where cells can heal after injury or inflammation. If there are cancer-causing mutations, metaplasia can continue progressing ...
Study Explains How Colorectal Cancer Cells Maintain High Iron Levels
Researchers identify metabolic process that could be a target for drug development. Researchers from the University of Michigan Health Rogel Cancer Center have discovered a key metabolic pathway that allows colorectal cancer cells to accumulate large quantities of iron. Blocking that pathway reduced iron levels and caused the cancer cells to die. Scientists know that ...
The Y Chromosome is Home to Surprising Jumping Genes
The discovery, made in deer mice, could offer clues for how the Y chromosome defends against decay. The humble Y chromosome may be the smallest chromosome in the mammalian genome (and getting even smaller), but it is mighty: genes on the Y chromosome are critical for fertility in males. In a new study in the ...
New Dual-Target Drug May Help Overcome Immunotherapy Resistance in Pancreatic Cancer
The drug, SH-273, led to long-term tumor reduction in mouse models. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest cancer types, with a five-year survival rate of 13%. There are only two treatment regimens available with limited efficacy. Pancreatic cancers do not respond to immunotherapy where the body’s immune system attacks tumor cells. The effectiveness ...
New Hope for Early Diabetes Detection
Researchers use mouse models to pioneer a game-changing approach for predicting type 1 diabetes. In a significant step toward the goal of preventing autoimmune type 1 diabetes, a team led by U-M’s Lonnie Shea, Steven A. Goldstein Collegiate Professor, Biomedical Engineering, has developed a new system that can identify—well before symptoms appear—whether an individual is ...